The quality of mortality data has improved over the years, although it still contains flaws. It is estimated

that the coverage of mortality data in 1999 was 82%. The quality should be emphasized, particularly in cases of death from cancer, as these have a death certificate that has been adequately completed.18 PS-341 nmr Thus, the mortality rates of cancer may change due to registry artifacts over the years. It is possible that the cases that were once classified in death certificates as “other leukemias” or just “leukemia” without specification, have migrated over time to the specific cases, causing these rates to increase. This may have led to more detailed completion of death certificates. As a result, there was a more pronounced decreasing mortality trend in cases defined as “other leukemias” and increased rates of specific cases. Another aspect to be considered is the heterogeneity regarding the regions. While Brazil generally showed a decreasing trend in the estimated mean annual growth rates of leukemia mortality, there was an increasing trend in the North and Northeast regions.19 This study demonstrated

that for leukemias, in general, there was a decreasing trend in mortality rates, as did other studies.19 and 20 However, on a more detailed analysis, when selleck assessing subgroups of leukemias and specifying gender, these trends changed: while the lymphoid (except for Fludarabine the age group of up to four years in boys) and myeloid leukemia rates showed an increase, the subgroup classified as “other leukemias” showed a decrease. Observing all leukemias and considering gender, mortality rates of males and females showed an increase. A detailed analysis by subgroup of leukemia, age range, and gender showed trends not observed in other studies, thus indicating

special requirements for the analysis of each variable. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. “
“Iron is an essential nutrient for proper functioning of the body and is involved primarily in oxygen transport. Therefore, iron deficiency and, in more severe cases, anemia, affects every cell of a living organism, impairing behavior, cognitive performance, physical growth, and immunity.1 and 2 Anemia is one of the main deficiency diseases in the world and is characterized as a severe public health problem. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that anemia primarily affects 1.62 billion people worldwide and that the occurrence of iron deficiency is 2.5-fold higher.2 In Brazil, anemia is observed in all age groups in different regions of the country, regardless of income or nutritional status.1 In 2006, the National Demographic and Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Demografia e Saúde – PNDS) showed a 20.9% prevalence of this disease in children younger than 60 months.