Up-regulated genes are indicated by an up-arrow (↑), whereas a down-arrow (↓) indicates a down-regulated gene; genes without an arrow were not significantly detected in microarray. Physiological functions are discussed in the text. A module tagged ‘N/A’ means that currently not enough information exists to make a functional assignment. Endospore formation and Spo0A Berzosertib (M2) Our results indicate a cluster, divided into two sub-modules. The endospore formation

sub-module grouped five genes participating in the formation of endospore, four of which were repressed (citG, dppE, spoVG, yxnB) and one was induced (hag). This data is in GS-4997 ic50 accordance with a previous report Nocodazole datasheet where AbrB was identified as repressing the aforementioned genes in a regulatory process known as catabolic repression of sporulation [14]. The second sub-module was composed of seven genes encoding for sporulation functions; six of which were induced (Table 1) with their transcription depending on SpoA and the sigma factor D (Sigma D),

and one of which (Table 1) was repressed with its transcription depending on Sigma D. Spore and prespore formation (M3) In this module, we found 39 genes responding to the presence of glucose; 28 of these were repressed and the others were induced (Table 1). This cluster was subdivided into 2 sub-modules. The first one shows genes whose products are associated with pre-spore formation, germination and cell wall components [19–21]. The second sub-module is composed of 19 genes acting in the formation of spores, mainly regulated by Sigma B.

With Cyclin-dependent kinase 3 the exception of the induced genes (csbX, yjgB, gcaD, ypuB yotK and spoIIQ), all the other genes in these sub-modules were repressed when under the LB+G condition, a result consistent with the fact that genes involved with sporulation processes are repressed in the presence of non-restrictive nutritional conditions [21]. Hexuronte metabolisms (M4) This module has genes involved in hexuronate metabolism [22], organized into two independent operons. Both operons are known to be negatively regulated by CcpA, whereas the uxaC-yjmBCD-uxuA-yjmF-exuTR-uxaBA operon is additionally, negatively regulated by ExuR [22].