Photographs of displays were presented to 7 right-handed females

Photographs of displays were presented to 7 right-handed females who judged whether the person was feeling the target emotion and made yes/no responses. Results showed activity increases during the observation of genuine compared to posed happy displays in the left medial superior frontal gyrus (BA 9) and the middle cingulate cortex bilaterally (BAs 24 and 31). The same comparison for sad displays showed increased activity in the left medial superior frontal gyrus (BA 8), and in the right middle and triangular inferior frontal PU-H71 gyri (both BA 46). Participants who exhibited higher sensitivity to sad displays showed

larger activity difference in the left medial superior frontal gyrus (BA 8). The present study provides evidence of differential neural activity when judging posed versus genuine facial displays of emotions. Further research is required to elucidate how this might impact social affective neuroscience and in what ways genuine facial displays can enhance our understanding of emotion perception. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“We previously described the first reference map for the proteome of one strain of serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis phosphatase inhibitor (MenA), a major cause of epidemic meningitis

in humans. As a preliminary finding, in that work we noted that 2-DE protein maps of closely related MenA isolates from different epidemics spreads could be easily compared to detect minor differences and that 2-DE phenotypes attributable to the well-known epidemiological marker tbpB agreed with the genoclouds model of MenA epidemiological variation during pandemic waves. We explored here the possibility that an extended comparative study of 2-DE maps of isolates representative of the nine genoclouds described by Achtman

and collaborators could be used to discriminate between strains otherwise undistinguishable. We showed the example of 14 proteins with different 2-DE spot patterns in different genoclouds that could be considered as putative tracers for alike-strains discrimination. We introduce the novel concept that comparative proteomics can be useful in identifying new epidemiological markers for N. meningitidis.”
“Background: Single-segment great saphenous vein (SSGSV) remains the conduit of choice for femoral THZ1 molecular weight to below-knee popliteal (F-BK) surgical revascularization. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal conduit in patients with inadequate SSGSV.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained vascular registry. Patients underwent F-BK bypass with alternative vein (AV; arm vein, spliced GSV, or composite vein) or prosthetic conduit (PC).

Results: From January 1995 to June 2010, 83 patients had unusable SSGSV for F-BK popliteal reconstruction. Thirty-three patients had an AV conduit and 50 had PC.

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