The external area of the pancreatic tissue involved by myofibroblastic cells of the IMT [Low power magnification - Hematoxylin and eosin stain (C)]. Discussion IMT is a histopathologic MI-503 mouse entity previously known as an inflammatory pseudotumor which was initially reported in 1990 in the pulmonary system [4]. Different names have been used to describe this entity, such as plasma cell granuloma, plasma

cell pseudotumor, inflammatory fibroxanthoma, inflammatory pseudotumor and histiocytoma [5]. The histological features vary slightly from site to site, which may, at least in part, be related to differences in the phase of the lesion’s development at the time of the detection. Representative features include the presence of a myofibroblastic proliferation Selleckchem CAL 101 and a varying degree of inflammatory infiltrates, mainly consisting of lymphocytes, histiocytes and plasma cells [6]. A number of the clinical and pathological features of IMT suggest the possibility that this lesion is more similar to a neoplasm than an inflammatory lesion [7]. Some investigators argue that IMT may be a true sarcoma and prefer the term inflammatory fibrosarcoma [7–9]. Whether IMT and inflammatory fibrosarcoma are actually the same tumor or different entities, it is remains controversial. Now, it is generally accepted that IMT is indeed

a true neoplasm with a wide spectrum of histopathological behavior, varying from benign lesions to rare aggressive tumors [7]. Recently, inflammatory fibrosarcoma has become included in the spectrum of inflammatory myofibroblastic proliferations [10]. Although IMT occurs more frequently in the pulmonary system

but it had been described in a wide variety of other organs [6]. In a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 84 cases of extrapulmonary IMT, the involved organs were intra-abdominal sites in 49 cases (58.4%), upper respiratory tract in 9 cases (10.7%), genitourinary tract in 8 cases (9.5%), trunk in 8 cases (9.5%), pelvis and retroperitoneum in 4 cases (4.8%), extremities in 3 cases (3.6%), Cediranib (AZD2171) and head and neck in 3 cases (3.6%) [11–13]. Furthermore, IMT has also been reported in the orbit [14], salivary glands [15], spleen [16–18], liver [19, 20], urinary bladder and soft tissues [20, 21], skin [22], kidneys [23], heart [24] and central nervous system [25]. IMT of the pancreas is rare. Only 27 cases of IMT located in the pancreas have been reported in English literature [5, 6, 26–43]. The age distribution of IMT of the pancreas resembled that of in pulmonary system ranging 2.5 to 70 years. IMT equally affects males and females. Commonly, the clinical presentation of IMT of the pancreas is a mass discovered incidentally by imaging investigations for other reasons. The presenting symptoms and signs of pancreatic IMT were abdominal pain (65.4%), unintentional weight loss (42.3%), jaundice (38.