The tissue response to articular debris may block the synovial-lined channel to cause synovial cyst formation.”
“Methods: An internet-based survey was conducted to identify current management strategies. Questions were asked regarding isolated failure of a high-voltage
coil or of a pace/sense electrode, in order to identify the frequency of various techniques to correct these failures.
Results: A worldwide query collected strategies from 376 physicians identifying themselves as ICD-implanting physicians. Replies came from 28 countries, BI-2536 with the USA accounting for 83.2%. The survey was completed by 85.6% of respondents. Implant experience was > 10 years for 61.1%, 3-10 years for 29.1%, and < 3 years for 10.4%. When the right ventricular coil failed, 52% abandoned and 48% explanted the failed lead. In superior vena cava coil failure, 61.2% chose to simply exclude this coil, using the other intact lead components. For pace/sense defects, 53.1% chose to implant a new pace/sense lead or switch sensing electrodes, using the intact lead components. Medical literature (76.1%), personal experience
(67.6%), and professional guidelines (63.7%) were strong decision-making influences.
Conclusions: (1) Management selleck decisions for single-component failures of ICD leads are complex; (2) Significant differences in management strategy exist among physicians; (3) Medical literature and professional guidelines are strong influences for these decisions; (4) A lead failure registry could help identify reasons for such differences and help guide management.
(PACE 2009; 32:1130-1141).”
“Procalcitonin (PCT), recognised as a marker of sepsis, was
investigated in a porcine model of endotoxic shock.
The results showed that continuous IV infusion (1-4 h) of LPS (40 mu g/kg) in pigs was able to induce a generalised increase of PCT expression in lung, heart, kidney and liver. The increase in PCT was significant only in kidney and was accompanied by an YM155 price increase in IL-6 gene expression. In vitro results demonstrated that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), as well as endothelial cells, were potentially capable of contributing to in vivo extrathyroidal PCT production. These findings support previous data from pigs concerning the occurrence of widespread activation of PCT extrathyroidal gene expression during endotoxic shock in pigs. Nevertheless, the levels of PCT detected were very low, suggesting the need for additional studies to validate the pig as a reliable animal model for investigating the role of PCT in sepsis. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Study Design. Retrospective review of prospective database.
Objective. To define the variability of neurologic examination and recovery after nonpenetrating complete thoracic spinal cord injuries (American Spinal Injury Association [ASIA] A).