viverrini http://www.selleckchem.com/products/SB-203580.html infection than Lao-theung. This behavioral trait is known to be a potential risk for acquiring O. viverrini and other fish-borne trematode infections [15], [57], particularly in an area where several food-borne trematodes co-exist, such as Lao PDR [16]�C[18], [22]. It is also important to note that intestinal parasites varied according to people’s socioeconomic status. Interestingly, S. mekongi was significantly more prevalent among better-off study participants who live along the lower Mekong islands. On the other hand, as expected, the highest prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths, particularly A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura, were observed among the poorest living in the highlands. The latter finding is in line with observations reported from southern P.R.

China [31] and other parts of the developing world [58]. People belonging to the poorest wealth quintiles are at higher risk of infection with soil-transmitted helminths. Finally, we found a low prevalence of intestinal protozoa in our study cohort. These findings support the previous observations, which have shown low prevalence of pathogenic intestinal protozoa in Southeast Asia [23], [41], [59]. We conclude that multiparasitism is the rule in different eco-epidemiological settings of Champasack province, and most likely elsewhere in Lao PDR. The extent of multiparasitism and the high infection prevalence and intensity with a host of intestinal parasites, most importantly S. mekongi and O. viverrini are a public health problem. Consequently, a chemotherapy-based morbidity control program should be re-implemented without delay.

To consolidate progress and ascertain long-term sustainability, other control measures such as health education, improving access to clean water and sanitation in an intersectoral fashion must be considered. Supporting Information Informed consent form (0.04 MB PDF) Click here for additional data f
Fascioliasis, a zoonotic disease caused by a liver fluke infection of the species Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica, is of considerable veterinary and public health importance [1], [2]. Owing to global changes, infections with Fasciola spp. appear to be emerging or re-emerging in several parts of the world [1]. An estimated 91 million people are at risk of fascioliasis, whereas the estimated number of infections shows a large range from 2.4 to 17 million [3].

Severe clinical complications in the chronic phase of a Fasciola infection include cholangitis, cholecystitis, jaundice, and biliary colic [1], [4]. In Egypt, fascioliasis is an important clinical problem, particularly among school-aged children living in rural areas of the Nile Delta [5], [6]. Prevalence rates of Fasciola infections have been reduced in recent years, explained by control measures put forth by the Egyptian governorates, Anacetrapib including triclabendazole administration [6].